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Pond Pumps For The Koi Pond

The pond pump is the life blood of any koi pond or koi watergarden. Whether building a new pond or replacing an existing pump, there are many choices when it comes to buying a pump. There are also many things to consider when choosing the type and size of pump to purchase. Most koi ponds have a skimmer for handling mechanical and some biological filtration. This is where the main pump is usually located and provides most if not all the water movement for the entire pond. The pond can have more than one skimmer or the skimmer may have more than one pump depending on the size and shape of the pond. There can be a stream or water fall or a combination. An external filter or protein skimmer may also be involved.

Water Flow

The first thing to consider is how much water flow is needed for the koi pond or koi watergarden. Ideally the entire volume of the pond water needs to be turned over once every two hours. For example a 5,000 gallon pond would require 2,500 gallons per hour flow rate. To calculate the volume of water multiply the average length times the average width times the average depth to get the cubic feet of water. Multiply the cubic feet times 7.5 to get the volume in gallons. For example a pond 12 feet long, 8 feet wide and 2.5 feet deep would have 240 cubic feet of water (12 x 8 x 2.5 = 240). 240 x 7.5 = 1,800 gallons of water. This would require at least 900 gallons per hour of water movement. The next thing to consider is how high the water has to be pumped. This is called head pressure, which most high quality pumps will list in their specifications. For instance, a 1,200 gph pump may only pump 900 gph at 3 ft. of head pressure. The size of pipe will also make a difference in the pump flow rate. For best flow rates the pipe inside diameter should be 1/2 inch larger than the pump outlet size. If a pump has 1 1/2 inch outlet the pipe inside diameter should be 2 inches for best flow rates. The piping will still cause some restriction and 100 gph for every 10 feet of piping should be added to the pump size. Now lets put it all together. The pond is 12 x 8 x 2.5 and has a waterfall that is 3 feet above the water line and the total length of pipe used is 20 feet. 12' x 8' x 2.5' = 240 cubic feet. 240 x 7.5 = 1,800 gallons. 1,800 / 2 = 900 gph. 900 + 200 = 1,100. The pump size needs to be at least 1,100 gph @ 3' head pressure.

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